The European countries locked in a bloody war between neighboring countries which led to World War II (WWII). Europe is divided into two camps, namely the west and east. In the west they founded an organization called “Council of Europe” or collectively, the Council of Europe in 1949. The end of World War II, which leaves ashes with a victory in the hands of allies and the emergence of the cold war between the allies and Russia led to the an idea about the best way to save Europe in the future.

Robert Schuman, the French foreign minister who promoted his ideas in a presentation on 9 May 1950 (“Europe Day”). The idea was ultimately embodied in the formation of “European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)” which was signed on April 18, 1951. “ECSC” formed by the six nation’s pioneer who is also a member of the Council of Europe namely France, Germany, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxemburg and Italy proved after more than half a century, managed to unite the European countries both politically and economically.

Marked with the Russian space shuttle launch of Sputnik I on March 25, 1957, through the Treaty of Rome established “European Economic Community (EEC)” with the principle leads to the creation “Common Market (CM)”. “CM” is the stage of the integration of a region or the European countries where the movement of merchandise, services, capital and the population is gradually released until no more barriers.

To date the project “CM” is still in the process of refinement. It means that the movement of merchandise, services, capital and people in Europe has not been entirely free to all member states. In July 1968, six members of the EU agreed to eliminate customs duties and tariffs for third countries leveler (“Custom Union”). Since then, the trade between member countries grew rapidly.

To maintain currency stability and removing transaction costs of trade, EU for the first plan the establishment of the single currency in 1970. This plan was later realized with the implementation of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM) on 24 April 1972 which in principle to limit fluctuations between currencies of members. ERM is an initial step the formation of Euro (30 years later). There is also the opinion EMU goal is to increase the role of EU in the world financial system.

EURO currency was first used only for commercial and financial transactions on January 1, 1999. While the paper currency and coins will be printed later. The European countries which agreed to use UERO as currency consists of 12 countries (include Greece in 2001). Britain, Denmark and Sweden struggled to stand outside the framework of EURO by political reasons (financial sovereignty). For successful launch of the euro as a currency future of Europe and the world they used “European Currency Unit (ECU) as the unit of currency exchange rate within Euro member states.